To ensure the continuous availability of fish in a fish pond or maintain high fish yield, it is necessary to ensure:
1. Regular feeding: The fish must be fed twice daily from selected point(s). Supplementary feed in the form of compound feed should be given in sufficient quantity to ensure rapid growth and early maturity of the fish.
2. Deweeding: This is the removal of weeds from the pond. It allows the dissolution of oxygen in water, the penetration of sunlight to the bottom of the pond which will promote the growth of fish food (planktons). It also prevents the build-up of pests and diseases.
3. Desilting: This is the removal of silt or prevention of silt from entering into the pond. Desilting makes the water to be clean, promotes easy movement of fish within the water and also prevents pollution of the water.
4. Aeration: Aeration enables oxygen to dissolve in water which is required by fish for respiration. Fishes usually come to the surface of water due to lack of oxygen in the water. Weeds, excessive organic manure, overstocking etc. prevent proper aeration of the pond.
5. Constant supply of water: The pond should always be filled with water and any leakage repaired.
6. Control of predators: Predators like birds and snakes should be prevented from entering into the pond because they could eat up the fish in the pond. This can be done by keeping the pond surrounding clean (e.g., by constant weeding).
7. Prevention of diseases: Diseases should be prevented as this could kill all the fish in the pond. Adequate feeding, stocking, temperature, manuring, weeding etc help to prevent diseases.
8. Regular harvesting: Regular harvesting of fish is necessary to prevent over population, outbreak of diseases and cannibalism. Periodic or total harvesting could be done six months after stocking, using net or by draining of the pond.
9. Regular application of fertilizer: This should be done once in a month to promote the growth of fish food (planktons) in the pond.
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